餐(can)飲污水的(de)危害

餐飲(yin)業含(han)(han)油污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指飲(yin)食行業在作(zuo)業過程中(zhong)(zhong)所排(pai)入(ru)(ru)下水(shui)(shui)管道的污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)，其(qi)特(te)點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)含(han)(han)油脂(zhi)較(jiao)高，特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國人的飲(yin)食結構(gou)使(shi)得污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的油脂(zhi)和總(zong)懸(xuan)浮顆(ke)粒含(han)(han)量特(te)別高，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)油脂(zhi)含(han)(han)量在7600mg/L左(zuo)右，總(zong)懸(xuan)浮顆(ke)粒在5000mg/L左(zuo)右。該種廢水(shui)(shui)有二(er)大(da)危害，第一：大(da)量的油脂(zhi)和殘渣極易粘附在下水(shui)(shui)管道壁上(shang)，日積(ji)月累使(shi)得管道實(shi)際流(liu)通面積(ji)越來越小，最(zui)后形成(cheng)堵塞(sai)，據估計(ji)每(mei)年贛州城區因管道堵塞(sai)造(zao)成(cheng)的損失要以數百(bai)萬(wan)計(ji)。第二(er)：大(da)量的油脂(zhi)通過管網最(zui)后進入(ru)(ru)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處理廠，使(shi)得對油脂(zhi)十分敏(min)感(gan)的生物菌大(da)量變壞、死亡，造(zao)成(cheng)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質明(ming)顯(xian)下降并對排(pai)放水(shui)(shui)體造(zao)成(cheng)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)。

近年(nian)來，隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)民(min)經濟的(de)(de)增長，餐飲(yin)(yin)行業(ye)迅(xun)速發展(zhan)，其(qi)(qi)排(pai)放的(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)越(yue)來越(yue)大(da)，由(you)于(yu)該廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)含(han)(han)有較(jiao)高(gao)濃(nong)度的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)及(ji)大(da)量(liang)(liang)固體懸(xuan)浮(fu)(fu)物(wu)，使之成(cheng)為(wei)一個重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源，餐飲(yin)(yin)業(ye)含(han)(han)油(you)(you)(you)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)治理(li)不(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)能(neng)保(bao)護生態(tai)環境，而且增加城(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處理(li)站的(de)(de)負(fu)擔。餐飲(yin)(yin)業(ye)含(han)(han)油(you)(you)(you)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)含(han)(han)污(wu)(wu)量(liang)(liang)很(hen)高(gao)，主要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)為(wei)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)，化學耗(hao)氧(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)和懸(xuan)浮(fu)(fu)物(wu)等，目前，在餐飲(yin)(yin)業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)，洗滌劑的(de)(de)應用(yong)使得油(you)(you)(you)呈乳化狀漂(piao)浮(fu)(fu)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)，從而大(da)大(da)增高(gao)了水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)化學耗(hao)氧(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)值，一般均達到幾千mg/L，其(qi)(qi)次，由(you)于(yu)油(you)(you)(you)與(yu)洗滌劑的(de)(de)比重(zhong)較(jiao)小，它(ta)們與(yu)廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)懸(xuan)浮(fu)(fu)物(wu)粘合在一起(qi)，使之不(bu)易(yi)沉降(jiang)，可(ke)見(jian)，動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)是關(guan)鍵(jian)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)，減少餐飲(yin)(yin)業(ye)含(han)(han)油(you)(you)(you)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)對降(jiang)低(di)化學耗(hao)氧(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)和懸(xuan)浮(fu)(fu)物(wu)有著(zhu)直接影響。由(you)于(yu)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)在常溫下呈白色糊狀，排(pai)放時易(yi)堵塞管道，也(ye)造(zao)成(cheng)了該廢(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)治理(li)的(de)(de)困(kun)難(nan)。所以從環境要(yao)求、經濟方(fang)面考(kao)慮，餐飲(yin)(yin)業(ye)的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)就需要(yao)配置(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)分離器。